The 1907 Saint Gaudens Gold $20 Double Eagle is one of the most famous and valuable coins in American numismatics. Created by renowned sculptor Augustus Saint-Gaudens, this coin is highly sought after by collectors and investors. It is well-known for its beauty, historical significance, and intricate design. In this article, we will explore its history, features, and why this coin is a prized possession.
History of the 1907 Saint Gaudens Gold $20 Double Eagle
In 1905, President Theodore Roosevelt, inspired by European coin designs, wanted to beautify U.S. coinage. He approached Augustus Saint-Gaudens, one of America’s finest artists, to redesign the $20 gold coin. The result was a masterpiece that became known as the Saint Gaudens Double Eagle.
The coin’s design was first introduced in 1907, with a high-relief version being produced that year. The high-relief version was initially difficult to mint, so a modified version was produced later, which became the more common version. However, the 1907 high relief remains the most sought-after and valuable of all.
Design Features of the 1907 Saint Gaudens Gold $20 Double Eagle
The high relief version of the coin has a stunning, three-dimensional design, which shows the artist’s remarkable skill. The front (obverse) features Lady Liberty, holding a torch in her right hand and an olive branch in her left. She is surrounded by 46 stars, representing the states in the union at that time. Behind her is the rising sun, symbolizing hope and progress.
The reverse side of the coin features a majestic eagle in flight, with the inscription “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” above it. The eagle is designed to symbolize strength and freedom, two key ideals of the United States. It also bears the denomination “TWENTY DOLLARS” and the Latin inscription “E PLURIBUS UNUM”, meaning “Out of Many, One.”
One of the most interesting aspects of this coin is the use of Roman numerals (MCMVII) on the obverse. This refers to the year the coin was minted, 1907, in Roman numeral form, giving the coin an extra touch of elegance and history.
The plain edge of the coin is another feature that makes it unique. Unlike other coins that have reeded or milled edges, the plain edge of the Saint Gaudens Double Eagle is smooth, adding to the overall simplicity and refinement of its design.
The High Relief and Its Significance
The high relief version of the 1907 Saint Gaudens Gold coin was produced in very limited quantities, making it an extremely rare and valuable collector’s item. The high relief design was difficult to strike, and as a result, many coins were minted with a lower relief, which was easier to produce. However, the high relief coins are considered the true representation of Saint-Gaudens’ original design.
The high relief coins were initially struck with a deeper, three-dimensional design, but the mintage process proved too complicated and costly. The Mint eventually adjusted the design to a lower relief, but the high relief version remains the most coveted and valuable among collectors today.
Rarity and Value
The 1907 Saint Gaudens Gold $20 Double Eagle, especially in high relief, is considered one of the most valuable coins in the world. Its rarity, coupled with its stunning design and historical significance, has made it a favorite among coin collectors and investors. The value of this coin has only increased over time, and it is often sold for millions of dollars in auction houses.
In addition to the high relief version, the 1907 Double Eagle is available in other varieties, including the regular relief and no motto versions. While these coins are still valuable, they are not as rare or expensive as the high relief variety.
Why the 1907 Saint Gaudens Gold Double Eagle is Important
The 1907 Saint Gaudens Gold $20 Double Eagle is more than just a coin. It represents the intersection of art, history, and numismatics. Augustus Saint-Gaudens’ design continues to be regarded as one of the most beautiful coin designs in the world, and its creation marked a significant moment in U.S. history.
The coin’s production also coincided with a period of economic growth and political change in the United States. The decision to beautify the nation’s coinage reflected the optimism of the era, and the coin remains a symbol of American ideals like freedom, strength, and progress.
Table: Key Features of the 1907 Saint Gaudens Gold $20 Double Eagle
| Feature | Description |
|---|---|
| Obverse Design | Lady Liberty holding a torch and olive branch |
| Reverse Design | Eagle in flight with “UNITED STATES OF AMERICA” inscription |
| Roman Numerals | MCMVII (1907) |
| Edge | Plain edge (no reeding) |
| Material | 90% gold, 10% copper |
| Diameter | 34 mm |
| Weight | 33.436 grams |
| Minting | Produced by the U.S. Mint in 1907 |
| Rarity | Extremely rare, especially the high relief version |
Conclusion
The 1907 Saint Gaudens Gold $20 Double Eagle is a masterpiece of American coinage, cherished by collectors for its beauty, rarity, and historical value. Its intricate design, high-relief version, and plain edge make it a unique and prized possession. Whether you’re a seasoned numismatist or a casual collector, this coin remains a symbol of American strength, freedom, and artistic achievement.
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FAQs
What makes the 1907 Saint Gaudens Gold Double Eagle valuable?
The coin is valuable due to its stunning design, rarity, and historical significance. The high relief version, in particular, is highly sought after by collectors and investors.
Why does the coin have Roman numerals?
The Roman numerals (MCMVII) represent the year the coin was minted, 1907, and add a touch of elegance to the design.
What is the difference between the high relief and regular relief versions of the coin?
The high relief version features a deeper, more three-dimensional design, making it harder to mint but more valuable. The regular relief version is easier to produce and less rare.
What is the significance of the plain edge?
The plain edge, unlike the reeded edges found on most coins, adds to the simplicity and beauty of the Saint Gaudens Double Eagle design.
How much is a 1907 Saint Gaudens Gold Double Eagle worth?
The value of the coin varies depending on its condition and version. High relief coins can be worth millions of dollars, while other versions are still valued highly in the numismatic market.